MCQ Quiz

All of the following statements regarding the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) are correct EXCEPT:

It includes ganglia and sensory receptors

Cranial nerves are arranged from I to XII

Spinal nerves consist of 31 pairs

Sensory receptors are always separate structures from neurons

All of the following regarding the Autonomic Nervous System are correct EXCEPT:

It conveys information to smooth muscle and glands

It includes sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Its motor neurons innervate skeletal muscle

It carries visceral sensory information to the CNS

All of the following statements about dendrites are correct EXCEPT:

They conduct impulses toward the cell body

They taper away from the cell body

They are devoid of Nissl substance

They may contain dendritic spines

All of the following regarding the axon hillock and initial segment are correct EXCEPT:

The initial segment is the most excitable part of the neuron

Action potentials originate at the axon hillock

Nissl substance is abundant in the axon hillock

The initial segment extends from the axon hillock to myelin

All of the following regarding chemical synapses are correct EXCEPT:

They are unidirectional

They are the most common synapse type

Transmission occurs via gap junctions

Neuromodulators may coexist with major neurotransmitters

All of the following statements about multipolar neurons are correct EXCEPT:

They have one axon and multiple dendrites

They are usually motor neurons

They are commonly found in sensory ganglia

They are the most numerous neuron type

All of the following regarding pseudo-unipolar neurons are correct EXCEPT:

They are sensory neurons

They are located in dorsal root ganglia

Both processes function like axons

Their cell bodies are located in the ventral horn

All of the following pairings are correct EXCEPT:

Nucleus — CNS neuron cell bodies

Ganglion — PNS neuron cell bodies

Tract — bundle of axons in CNS

Nerve — bundle of axons in CNS

All of the following regarding astrocytes are correct EXCEPT:

They are the most abundant glial cell

Fibrous astrocytes are mainly in gray matter

Protoplasmic astrocytes are more branched

Their end-feet contribute to the blood-brain barrier

All of the following are functions of astrocytes EXCEPT:

Structural support

Recycling neurotransmitters

Phagocytosis of debris

Supporting the blood-brain barrier

All of the following regarding oligodendrocytes are correct EXCEPT:

Each cell can myelinate multiple axons

They are rich in microtubules

They form myelin in the PNS

They support both myelinated and unmyelinated axons

All of the following regarding ependymal cells are correct EXCEPT:

They line ventricles and central canal

They possess tight junctions throughout

They may be ciliated

Their bases lie on the internal glial limiting membrane

All of the following regarding choroidal epithelial cells are correct EXCEPT:

They produce CSF

They are connected by tight junctions

They form the blood-CSF barrier

They are non-ciliated

All of the following are derivatives of the hindbrain EXCEPT:

Pons

Cerebellum

Medulla oblongata

Thalamus

All of the following regarding the cerebral cortex are correct EXCEPT:

It is composed mainly of gray matter

It contains neuronal cell bodies

It forms the inner layer of the cerebrum

It is folded into gyri and sulci

All of the following regarding the cerebellum are correct EXCEPT:

It lies in the posterior cranial fossa

It connects with the spinal cord

It contains about half of brain neurons

It forms part of the brainstem

All of the following regarding the adult spinal cord termination are correct EXCEPT:

Ends at L1–L2 disc

Forms conus medullaris

Occupies the entire vertebral canal

Is shorter than the vertebral column

All of the following regarding cauda equina are correct EXCEPT:

Formed by lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal roots

Located below L1–L2

Represents the spinal cord itself

Descends to reach respective foramina

All of the following regarding lateral gray horns are correct EXCEPT:

Present in T1–L2 segments

Contain sympathetic motor neurons

Always present throughout spinal cord

May be present in S2–S4

All of the following regarding the central canal are correct EXCEPT:

Lined by ependymocytes

Contains CSF

Opens inferiorly into the sacral canal

Communicates superiorly with the 4th ventricle

All of the following regarding dorsal roots are correct EXCEPT:

They carry sensory fibers

They contain the dorsal root ganglion

They carry motor fibers

They originate as rootlets

All of the following regarding anterior rami are correct EXCEPT:

They innervate limbs

They form plexuses

They are purely motor

T2–T12 remain segmental

All of the following regarding cervical spinal nerves are correct EXCEPT:

C1–C7 exit above corresponding vertebrae

C8 exits below C7 vertebra

All spinal nerves exit below their vertebra

C1 exits between atlas and occipital bone

All of the following contribute to the blood-brain barrier EXCEPT:

Tight junctions between endothelial cells

Astrocytic end-feet

Thick basement membrane

Tight junctions between neurons

All of the following structures are part of the CNS EXCEPT:

Brain

Spinal cord

Cranial nerves